Adenoids are small pads of tissue located high in the throat, behind the nose. They are part of the immune system and help trap bacteria and viruses entering through the nose. Adenoids typically shrink away by age five.
While adenoids are helpful in early childhood, they can sometimes become enlarged and cause health issues that need to be addressed.
What Are Enlarged Adenoids?
Enlarged adenoids occur when this tissue becomes swollen due to frequent infections, allergies or other irritants. Some children have persistently enlarged adenoids that can affect breathing, sleep and ear health.
Common Symptoms
When adenoids become too large, they can block airflow through the nasal passages and lead to several noticeable symptoms.
- Mouth breathing, especially during sleep
- Snoring or noisy breathing at night
- Persistent runny nose or nasal congestion
- Frequent ear infections or fluid in the ears
- Difficulty sleeping or restless sleep
- Speech that sounds nasal
If a child shows symptoms of enlarged adenoids, a doctor may review the child’s medical history and symptoms and perform an exam. Imaging studies or a small scope may be used as part of the examination.
- Review the child’s medical history and symptoms
- Perform a physical examination
- Use imaging studies or a small scope to view the adenoids
Management and Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms and the impact on a child’s daily life. Options may include:
- Monitoring the condition if symptoms are mild or occasional
- Using nasal sprays or allergy medications to reduce swelling
- Treating underlying infections with antibiotics
- Surgical removal (adenoidectomy) if symptoms are severe or persistent
Enlarged adenoids can cause a range of issues, especially in young children, but they are manageable with proper care. If you notice signs like chronic mouth breathing or frequent ear infections, schedule an appointment with an ENT.
To schedule an appointment with ENT & Allergy Specialists – Ear Nose and Throat Physicians and Surgeons, contact us today.